Tetrahedral Kite feat. Graham Bell

2025

1, 3–6: The 16-unit, 1.8 m kite at Workshop 01 (November 29, 2025, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo) / 2: The 64-unit, 3.6 m kite at Workshop 02 (December 14, 2025, same venue)


Yuta Shimoda, Masaya Todo / Built at the "Flying Artifacts Workshop", a companion program to CONNECTING ARTIFACTS 05 and 06. WS01: November 29, 2025 and WS02: December 14, 2025 (both at the Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo); WS03: August 29, 2026 (Komaba Campus, The University of Tokyo)

A workshop in which participants build and fly the "tetrahedral kite" devised roughly 130 years ago by Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone. Four small cells — regular tetrahedral frames covered with a membrane — combine into a tetrahedron one size larger, and four of those combine again: repeating this nested (fractal) structure produces a large kite. In WS01, 16 units made a kite 1.8 m on a side; in WS02, 64 units made one 3.6 m on a side. Each was assembled by all of the participants and flown outdoors.

An ordinary kite cannot simply be scaled up: its weight grows with the cube of its dimensions while its lifting surface grows only with the square (the square–cube law). Bell's tetrahedral kite sidesteps this limit. Because identical cells are gathered four at a time into a tetrahedron one size larger, the ratio of weight to membrane area stays the same no matter how large the kite becomes. Design one small tetrahedron and, in principle, a kite of any size can be built — Bell himself lifted a person into the air with a kite of more than 3,000 cells (1907).

The only materials are 450 mm bamboo sticks, crimp terminals, cable ties and a thin membrane. Crimping a terminal onto each end of the sticks and binding them at each vertex with a cable tie produces one tetrahedral unit (6 sticks and 12 terminals per unit); units are joined to one another with cable ties as well. Since the only tool required is a pair of pliers, first-time participants and children can build it.

Two further works grew out of Bell's tetrahedral kite: the "Tetrahedral Modular System feat. Graham Bell", which reinterprets Bell's sheet-metal joint in paper, and "POP-UP TREE", folded from a single sheet of paper.

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